San Bernardino County EHM Quarantine Released

No additional cases have been confirmed for 14 days.
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San Bernardino County, California
The California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) has released the equine herpesvirus (EHV) quarantine on a San Bernardino County premises. | Photo: Wikimedia Commons

The California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) has released the equine herpesvirus (EHV) quarantine on a San Bernardino County premises.

The quarantine was enacted on Mar. 16 when a 10-year-old Arabian gelding at a private facility in the county tested positive for equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1), non-neuropathogenic strain, after displaying neurological signs. Another horse on the property, which also showed neurological signs, tested positive and was euthanized.

No additional cases occurred among the 22 exposed horses within 14 days.

EHV 101

Herpesvirus is highly contagious among horses and can cause a variety of ailments in equids, including rhinopneumonitis (a respiratory disease usually found in young horses), abortion in broodmares, and equine herpesvirus myeloencephalitis (EHM, the neurologic form).

equine herpesvirus
VIDEO | Health Alert: Equine Herpesvirus

In many horses, the first or only sign of EHV-1 infection is fever, which can go undetected. In addition to fever, other common signs of EHV-1 infection in young horses include cough, decreased appetite, depression, and a nasal discharge. Pregnant mares typically show no signs of infection before they abort, and abortions usually occur late in gestation (around eight months) but can be earlier. Abortions can occur anywhere from two weeks to several months following infection with EHV-1.

Horses with EHM usually have a fever at the onset of the disease and might show signs of a respiratory infection. A few days later, neurologic signs such as ataxia (incoordination), weakness or paralysis of the fore- and hind limbs, urine retention and dribbling, loss of tail tone, and recumbency (inability to rise) develop.

Herpesvirus is easily spread by nose-to-nose or close contact with an infectious horse; sharing contaminated equipment including bits, buckets, and towels; or clothing, hands, or equipment of people who have recently had contact with an infectious horse. Routine biosecurity measures, including hygiene and basic cleaning and disinfection practices, should be in place at all times to help prevent disease spread.

Current EHV-1 vaccines might reduce viral shedding but are not protective against the neurologic form of the disease. Implementing routine biosecurity practices is the best way to minimize viral spread, and the best method of disease control is disease prevention.

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