The International Collating Centre, in Newmarket, United Kingdom, and other sources reported the following disease outbreaks in the fourth quarter of 2016.

Isolated cases of African horse sickness were recorded in South Africa, initially in Gauteng Province in October and subsequently in the North West Province in December. Both areas are recognized as endemic areas for the disease.

Equine influenza was reported by the United Kingdom and the United States. The United Kingdom confirmed three outbreaks of the disease, two involving isolated cases in 5-month-old foals and the third in a group of several unvaccinated horses. Outbreaks of influenza were recorded in four states in the United States, where the disease is considered endemic.

France, Germany, Ireland, Switzerland, and the United States reported multiple outbreaks of strangles during the period under review. The number of confirmed outbreaks included 12 in France, five in Germany, an estimated seven in Ireland, two in Switzerland, and 37 in the United States, where the disease is endemic. Many of the outbreaks involved single cases