Even for the most knowledgeable horseman, equine genetics can be a confusing topic to grasp. Trying to conceptualize how genetics can be applied to equine performance can be even more confusing. But the attendees at the 2011 Thoroughbred Pedigree, Genetics, and Performance Conference, held Sept. 7-8 in Lexington, Ky., were in luck as Jamie MacLeod, VMD, PhD, and Ernie Bailey, PhD, presented an overview of equine genetics and the different applications they have in equine performance.

MacLeod began by confirming that there is, in fact, a link between genetics and performance in horses. Genetics is the basis of selective breeding programs, and it’s generally the point upon which the financial value of bloodstock is based, he explained.

"Selecting parents (sire and dam) that hopefully will pass superior genetic determinants to their offspring (foal) represents the planned breeding strategy we use to enhance our chances of producing a truly outstanding individual," he added.

In producing an equine athlete, MacLeod explained, while a large number of genetic variables are involved in "something as complex as the performance of a racehorse," the equally large number of nongenetic variables, such as environmental factors, also influence the ability–or inability–of a horse to reach his or her peak athletic potential