Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM)

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EPM Diagnosis and Treatment Recommendations

Diagnosing EPM in a live horse is challenging because no test is 100% accurate; the gold standard for diagnosis is finding the protozoan parasite in the spinal cord, which can only be sampled after the horse is euthanized. So for live horses, diagnos

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Lame or Ataxic? Kinetic Gait Analysis Can Tell


Being able to tell the difference between a mild lameness and subtle spinal ataxia is an important, yet challenging, endeavor in equine practice. Ohio State researchers recently reported that kinetic gait analysis–the computer

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Neurology is Not a Euphemism for Necropsy

Reed believes that future goals for managing neurologic disease in horses should be to decrease mortality and improve outcomes. This would be best achieved by developing improved diagnostic tools to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment

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Research Efforts Focus on EPM Prevention

Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) is an infection of the brain and spinal cord of horses by single-celled parasites known as protozoa. EPM, which is the most commonly diagnosed neurological disorder in horses, can be a permanently

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Neurology to be Focus of AAEP State-of-the-Art Lecture

Stephen M. Reed, DVM, Dipl. ACVIM, will deliver the Frank J. Milne State-of-the-Art Lecture on Dec. 8 during the American Association of Equine Practitioners’ 54th Annual Convention in San Diego, Calif. Equine neurology is the focus of this year’s

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Ponazuril and EPM: An Ounce of Prevention


Researchers at the University of Florida studying equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) recently found that administering ponazuril once every seven days might prevent EPM caused by Sarcocystis neurona.

Equine protozoal

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Ever-Elusive EPM

Charlie (not his real name) had been a patient at our clinic on several occasions. He was always gentle and cooperative as we tried to determine what was causing his curious collection of clinical signs. He had tolerated everything from the obvious

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Today’s EPM

What have we learned about equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) since it first was reported in 1995? A lot, and not enough. EPM has been called the “most overdiagnosed neurologic disease in the United States” by some researchers and

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EPM Treatment

To understand the best approach to treating equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM), it is helpful to have a brief look at how the protozoa (single-celled parasites) that cause EPM–Sarcocystis neurona–enter the central nervous system.

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EPM Prevention

How can you keep your horses safe from EPM?

The best way to keep your horses healthy is prevent them from getting sick. Sounds absurdly simple, right? In theory, this works. But in the real world of trying to protect horse

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EPM Diagnosis

Could EPM be causing your horse’s performance to be just a little off? Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) continues to be an elusive disease to prevent, diagnose, and treat in horses. In this special collection of three articles

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