The University of Kentucky’s Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center said March 7 it has confirmed 40 cases of equine leptospirosis in the Central Kentucky region from July 2006 until now, and most of the observed cases have resulted in foal loss by pregnant mares.

During the same time last year, only two cases of equine leptospirosis were confirmed. Scientists at the LDDC, located in Lexington, believe that the jump in cases could be related to last year’s increased rainfall. (There were 14 more inches of precipitation in 2006 as compared with 2005).

A working group made up of LDDC and Gluck Equine Research Center scientists, along with a College of Public Health biostatistician and two local equine practitioners, has begun a comprehensive Bluegrass-based epidemiological study and a nationwide economic impact study of equine leptospirosis. They hope the efforts will raise awareness regarding this disease and will also help foster the development of a much needed leptospirosis vaccine for horses.

Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease found worldwide that affects many species, including horses and people. The source of the bacteria is the urine of wild animals, including mice, squirrels, fox, skunks, opossums, and deer. Other domestic species such as cattle, dogs, and pigs can also be a source of infection